Companions and Saints Pious Lives of Shawwal to Dhul Hijjah

Shawwāl al-Mukarram, Dhū al-QiꜤdah, Dhū al-Ḥijjah

Shawwāl al-Mukarram

Remember that Shawwāl al-Mukarram is the tenth month of the Islamic year. Brief accounts regarding the noble Ṣaḥābah رَضِیَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُم (Prophetic Companions), blessed Awliyāˈ رَحِمَهُمُ الـلّٰـهُ تَـعَالٰی (Saints), and honourable Scholars of Islam who passed away in this month are presented under five headings:

The Noble Ṣaḥābah (Companions) رَضِیَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُم

The Martyrs of the Battle of Uhud: The Battle of Uhud took place on Saturday, the 15^th of Shawwāl, 3 AH. Approximately 70 Ṣaḥābah (64 Anṣār and 6 Muhājirīn) attained the rank of martyrdom. Their burial took place on the field of Uhud itself. The beloved Prophet صَلَّى الـلّٰـهُ عَلَيْهِ وَاٰلِهٖ وَسَلَّم used to visit the resting places of these martyrs every year.[1]

1. Sayyidunā Abū Yaḥyā Ṣuhayb b. Sinān al-Rūmī رَضِىَ اللّٰهُ عَـنْهُ: He was a Prophetic Companion and a warrior. He embraced Islam in Makkah al-Mukarramah زَادَهَا اللہُ شَرَفًا وَّتَعْظِیْمًا and migrated to Madinah al-Munawwarah زَادَهَا اللہُ شَرَفًا وَّتَعْظِیْمًا due to the severe hardships inflicted by the disbelievers. He participated in several battles and passed away in Shawwāl, 38 AH, in Madinah al-Munawwarah. He was laid to rest in Jannat al-BaqīꜤ. The beloved Prophet صَلَّى الـلّٰـهُ عَلَيْهِ وَاٰلِهٖ وَسَلَّم stated regarding him: “Whoever believes in Allah and the Hereafter should love Ṣuhayb as a mother loves her child.”[2]

2. The Beloved Son of Ghawth al-AꜤẓam, Tāj al-Aṣfiyāˈ, Mufti of Iraq, Sayyidunā ꜤAbd al-Razzāq al-Jīlānī: He was a distinguished scholar, a jurist of Hanbali fiqh, a Shaykh of Ṭarīqah, an author, and a teacher of scholars. Jalāˈ al-Khāṭir min Kalām al-Shaykh ꜤAbd al-Qādir  is his compilation. He was born on 18 Dhū al-QiꜤdah 528 AH and passed away on the 6^th of Shawwāl 603 AH. He was laid to rest in the mausoleum of Imam Aḥmad b. Ḥanbal رَحْمَةُ اللهِ عَلَيْه in Iraq.[3]

3. Sayyidunā Shaykh Abū Muḥammad Muṣliḥ al-Dīn al-SaꜤdī al-Shīrāzī al-Suhrawardī: He was a religious scholar, famous poet, orator, author, and Sufi. His books Gulistan-e-Sa’di and Bostan-e-Sa’di are very famous. Born in 589 AH, he passed away in Shawwāl 691 AH. His resting place is in the Sa’diyyah settlement of Shiraz (Fars Province), Iran.[4]

4. Sirāj al-Hind al-Muḥaddith Sayyidunā Shāh ꜤAbd al ꜤAzīz al-Diḥlawī: He was a master of various sciences and disciplines. Tafsīr ꜤAzīzī, Bustān-ul-Muḥaddithīn, and Tuḥfat Ithnā ꜤAshariyyah are famous books authored by him. He was born in 1159 AH and passed away on the 7^th of Shawwāl 1239 AH. His blessed resting place is located at the Dargah of Sayyidunā Shāh Walyullāh al-Diḥlawī, Mahandiyan, Mir Dard Road, New Delhi.[5]

5. The Disciple of Ala Hazrat, Mufti Muḥammad IꜤjāz Walī Khan al-Qādirī al-Riḍawī: He was a Shaykh of Hadith, prolific teacher, author, preacher, and an authorised spiritual successor. Born in Bareilly Sharif in 1332 AH, he passed away in Lahore on the 24^th of Shawwāl 1393 AH. His blessed resting place is in the Miani Sahib Cemetery.[6]

6. The Grand Mufti of Pakistan, Sayyid al-Muḥaddithīn Sayyidunā ꜤAllāmah Abū al-Barakāt Sayyid Aḥmad al-Qādirī al-Riḍawī al-Ashrafī: He was a prolific teacher, an Islamic debater, founder and leader of Markazī Dār al ꜤUlūm Ḥizb al-Aḥnāf, and among the senior scholars of the Ahl al-Sunnah. He was born in 1319 AH in Nawabpur, Alwar (Rajasthan), Hind, and passed away in Lahore on the 20^th of Shawwāl 1398 AH. His blessed resting place is at Dār al ꜤUlūm Ḥizb al-Aḥnāf, Data Darbar Market, Lahore.[7]

7. The Mufti of the Mālikīs, Sayyidunā Shaykh ꜤAbid b. Ḥusayn al-Mālikī al-Qādirī: He was a practicing scholar, a prolific teacher who taught at the Ḥaram, and the author of many books. Born in 1275 AH into a scholarly family in Makkah al-Mukarramah, he passed away there on the 22^nd of Shawwāl 1341 AH.[8]

Dhū al-QiꜤdah

Dhu al-QiꜤdah al-Ḥarām is the eleventh month of the Islamic year. Brief accounts regarding some of the noble Ṣaḥābah, blessed Awliyāˈ, and honourable Scholars of Islam who passed away in this month are as follows:

1. The Mother of the Believers, Sayyidah Umm Salamah Hind bint Abī Umayyah رَضِیَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهَا: She was born into the noble tribe of Quraysh. She possessed great intellect and wisdom, was a devoted worshipper, and an expert in fiqh. The holy Prophet صَلَّى الـلّٰـهُ عَلَيْهِ وَاٰلِهٖ وَسَلَّم married her in Shawwāl 4 AH. She passed away in Dhū al-QiꜤdah 59 or 61 AH in Madinah al-Munawwarah. Her blessed resting place is in Jannat al-BaqīꜤ.[9]

2. Makhdūm al-Millat Sayyidunā ꜤAllāmah al-Qārī Shāh Muḥammad Niẓām al-Dīn Bhikārī^[10] al-ꜤAlawī al-Qādirī رَحْمَةُ الـلّٰـهِ عَـلَيْه: He was a Hāfiẓ of the noble Quran, an expert in the seven modes of recitation (Qirāˈah), a master of diverse sciences, a distinguished scholar, and the author of many books. He was born in 890 AH in Kakori (Lucknow District, UP), Hind. He is the 27^th Shaykh of Silsilah ꜤĀliyah Qādiriyyah ꜤAṭṭāriyyah. He passed away on the 8th of Dhū al-QiꜤdah 981 AH. His blessed resting place is in Mohalla Jhanjhari, Kakori, Lucknow District (UP), Hind.[11]

3. Amīr al-Millah al-Muḥaddith Sayyidunā Pīr Sayyid JamāꜤat ꜤAlī Shāh al-Naqshbandī al-ꜤAlīpūrī رَحْمَةُ الـلّٰـهِ عَـلَيْه: He was a Hāfiẓ of the noble Quran, a practicing scholar, a leading Shaykh, a dynamic leader of the Muslims of the subcontinent, and a central figure for both the elite and the common people. He was born in 1257 AH and passed away on the 26^th of Dhū al-QiꜤdah 1370 AH. His blessed resting place in Alipur Sayyidan (Narowal District, Punjab), Pakistan, is a place where the public visit frequently.[12]

4. The Teacher of Scholars, Sayyidunā Mawlānā Shāh Mullā Jīwan Aḥmad al-Ṣiddīqī al-Qādirī al-Ḥanafī رَحْمَةُ الـلّٰـهِ عَـلَيْه: He was a practicing scholar, a commentator of the noble Quran, a Mufti of Islam, and an author. He had memorised his teaching textbooks. His work Al-Tafsīrāt al-Aḥmadiyyah fī Bayān al-Āyāt al-SharꜤiyyah gained worldwide fame. Born in 1047 AH in Amethi, UP, Hind, he passed away on the 9^th of Dhū al-QiꜤdah 1130 AH in Delhi. His blessed resting place is in Amethi. Emperor Aurangzeb ꜤĀlamgīr was his student.[13]

5. The Beloved Son of Imam al-AꜤẓam Abū Ḥanīfah, Sayyidunā Imam Ḥammād b. NuꜤmān al-Ḥanafī رَحِمَهُمَا الـلّٰـهُ: He was the jurist of the era, Mufti of Islam, Judge of Kufa, a great Hadith scholar, and an author. He was born in the second century AH and passed away in Dhu al-QiꜤdah 176 AH. Musnad al-Imam al-AꜤẓam bi Riwāyat Ḥammād was compiled by him.[14]

6. The Father of AꜤlā Hazrat, Ra'īs al-Mutakallimīn Mufti Naqī ꜤAli Khan al-Qādirī رَحْمَةُ الـلّٰـهِ عَـلَيْه: He was a practicing religious scholar, Mufti of Islam, author of more than twenty-five books, and an excellent teacher. Born in 1246 AH in Bareilly Sharīf (Hind), he passed away there on the 30^th of Dhū al-QiꜤdah 1297 AH. His blessed resting place is in the Beharipur Cemetery near the Police Lines, City Station, Bareilly Sharīf (UP), Hind.[15]

7. The Author of Bahār-e-SharīꜤat, Ṣadr al-SharīꜤah Sayyidunā Mawlānā Mufti Muḥammad Amjad ꜤAlī al-AꜤẓamī رَحْمَةُ الـلّٰـهِ عَـلَيْه.

8. The Imam of Tarāwīḥ and Teacher at Masjid al-Ḥarām, Sayyidunā Shaykh ꜤAbd al-Raḥmān b. Aḥmad Dahhān al-Makkī al-Ḥanafī رَحْمَةُ الـلّٰـهِ عَـلَيْه: He was a Ḥāfiẓ of the noble Quran, a practicing scholar, an expert in astronomy, a prolific teacher, beloved by the elite and common people, and a formal endorser of Al-Dawlat al-Makkiyyah and Ḥusām-ul-Ḥaramayn (authored by Imam Ahl al-Sunnah Aḥmad Riḍā Khan (رَحْمَةُ الـلّٰـهِ عَـلَيْه)). He was born in Makkah al-Mukarramah in 1283 AH and passed away on the 12^th of Dhū al-QiꜤdah al-Ḥarām 1337 AH. He was laid to rest in the Dahhān family enclosure in the Al-MuꜤallā Cemetery.[16]

Dhū al-Ḥijjah

Dhū al-Ḥijjah al-Ḥarām is the twelfth (12th) month of the Islamic year. Brief mentions of some of the noble Ṣaḥābah, blessed Awliyāˈ, and honourable Scholars of Islam who passed away in this month are provided below:

The martyrdom of the Leader of the Believers, Dhū al-Nūrayn, Sayyidunā ꜤUthmān al-Ghanī رَضِىَ اللّٰهُ عَـنْهُ occurred on the 18^th of Dhū al-Ḥijjah al-Ḥarām, 35 AH, in Madinah al-Munawwarah. Please refer to the detailed praise of him رَضِىَ اللّٰهُ عَـنْهُ on page 23.

1. The Teacher of the TābiꜤīn, Sayyidunā Imam Muḥammad Bāqir رَحْمَةُ الـلّٰـهِ عَـلَيْه: Born in 57 AH in Madinah al-Munawwarah, he passed away on the 7^th of Dhū al-Ḥijjah 114 AH. His was laid to rest in Jannat al-BaqīꜤ. He is the grandson of Sayyidunā Imam Ḥusayn رَضِىَ اللّٰهُ عَـنْهُ and the son of Sayyidunā Imam Zayn al-ꜤĀbidīn. He was a TābiꜤī, jurist, Hadith scholar, and the fifth Shaykh al-Ṭarīqah of the Silsilah Qādiriyyah Riḍawiyyah ꜤAṭṭāriyyah. Imam al-AꜤẓam Abū Ḥanīfah رَحْمَةُ الـلّٰـهِ عَـلَيْه also benefited from him.[17]

2. The Rūmī of Kashmir, Author of Sayf al-Mulūk, Sayyidunā Miyan Muḥammad Bakhsh al-Qādirī رَحْمَةُ الـلّٰـهِ عَـلَيْه: He was a religious scholar, author, Punjabi poet, and an accomplished saint. Born in 1246 AH in the village of Chak Bahram (Gujrat District), Pakistan, he passed away on the 7^th of Dhū al-Ḥijjah 1324 AH. His blessed resting place in Kharī Sharīf (Mirpur District), Kashmir, is visited by both the elite and common people.[18]

3. The Murshid of AꜤlā Hazrat, Khātim al-Akābir Sayyidunā Shāh Āl al-Rasūl al-Mārihrawī رَحْمَةُ الـلّٰـهِ عَـلَيْه: He was a practicing scholar, a man of great piety and righteousness, and the thirty-seventh (37th) Shaykh al-Ṭarīqah of Silsilah Qādiriyyah Riḍawiyyah ꜤAṭṭāriyyah. He was born in 1209 AH at Khanqah Barakātiyyah, Marehrah Sharīf (Etah District, UP), Hind, and passed away there on the 18^th of Dhū al-Ḥijjah 1296 AH.[19]

4. The Commentator of Bukhārī, Sayyidunā ꜤAllāmah Badr al-Dīn Abū Muḥammad Maḥmūd b. Aḥmad al-ꜤAynī رَحْمَةُ الـلّٰـهِ عَـلَيْه: He was a Ḥāfiẓ of Hadith, a great historian, author of numerous books, and a prolific teacher. He taught for approximately 40 years. Among his books, ꜤUmdat al-Qārī Sharḥ Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī is a unique gift for the Muslim Ummah. Born in 762 AH in Ayn Tab (Gaziantep Province), Southern Turkey, he passed away on the 4^th of Dhū al-Ḥijjah 855 AH in Cairo, Egypt. His blessed resting place is in Madrasat al-ꜤAynī (near Al-Azhar University, Cairo), Egypt.[20]

5. The Expert of Numerous Sciences, Sayyidunā ꜤAllāmah ꜤAbd al-ꜤAzīz al-Parhārwī al-Chishtī رَحْمَةُ الـلّٰـهِ عَـلَيْه: Born in 1206 AH in Parhar Gharbi (suburbs of Kot Addu, Muzaffargarh District, Punjab), Pakistan, he passed away at the same place in 1239 AH. His ꜤUrs is held on the 8th and 9th of Dhū al-Ḥijjah al-Ḥarām. He was an expert in more than 270 rational and traditional sciences; despite living a short life of approximately 33 years, he authored over 200 books covering 90 sciences, among which Al-Nibrās, a super-commentary on Sharḥ al-Aqāˈid al-Nasafiyyah, is famous.[21]

6. The Khalīfah of Imam Ahl al-Sunnah, Qutb al-Madinah, Shaykh al-ꜤArab wa al-ꜤAjam, Sayyidunā Mawlānā Ḍiyāˈ al-Dīn Aḥmad al-Qādirī al-Madanī رَحْمَةُ الـلّٰـهِ عَـلَيْه: He was born in 1294 AH (1877 AD) in the city of Sialkot, Pakistan, at Kalaswala. He رَحْمَةُ الـلّٰـهِ عَـلَيْه is from the progeny of Sayyidunā al-Siddiq al-Akbar رَضِىَ اللّٰهُ عَـنْهُ. On Friday, 2nd October 1981 (Dhū al-Ḥijjah al-Ḥarām 1401 AH), while reciting the Kalimah Sharīf, his soul departed this world. According to his wish, he was laid to rest in that part of Jannat al-BaqīꜤ where the noble Ahl al-Bayt رَضِیَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُم rest, just two yards away from the luminous resting place of Sayyidat al-Nisāˈ Fāṭimah al-Zahrāˈ رَضِیَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهَا.

7. Ṣadr al-Afāḍil Sayyidunā ꜤAllāmah Ḥāfiẓ Sayyid Muḥammad NaꜤīm al-Dīn al-Murādābādī رَحْمَةُ الـلّٰـهِ عَـلَيْه: Born in 1300 AH in Muradabad (Hind), he passed away on the 18^th of Dhū al-Ḥijjah 1367 AH. He was an expert in religious sciences, a Shaykh of Hadith, a commentator of the noble Quran, a magnificent debater, Mufti of Islam, author of over a dozen books, a national leader and guide, a Shaykh of Ṭarīqah, an Islamic poet, founder of Jamia NaꜤīmiyyah Muradabad, a prolific teacher, and among the senior figures of Ahl al-Sunnah. Among his books, the commentary Khazāˈin al-ꜤIrfān is famous.[22]

8. The Preacher of Islam, Sayyidunā Mawlānā Shāh ꜤAbd al-ꜤAlīm al-Ṣiddīqī al-Mīrtī رَحْمَةُ الـلّٰـهِ عَـلَيْه: He was a scholar of religious and worldly sciences, an expert in several languages, author of over a dozen books, founder of numerous institutions, and a scholar with deep insight into Islamic teachings. Through his efforts, approximately fifty thousand (50,000) non-Muslims, including people in power, entered the fold of Islam. Born in 1310 AH in Meerut (UP), Hind, he passed away on the 22^nd of Dhū al-Ḥijjah 1374 AH in Madinah al-Munawwarah and was laid to rest in Jannat al-BaqīꜤ.[23]