Pious predecessors who passed away / whose Ꜥurs is in RabīꜤ al-Awwal
RabīꜤ al-Awwal is the third month of the Islamic calendar. Here is a brief mention of some of the Companions, great Saints, and Islamic scholars who passed away during this month:
1. Mother of the Believers, Sayyidatunā Juwayriyya رَضِیَ اللهُ عَنْهَا was the daughter of the chief of the Banū Muṣṭaliq tribe. She possessed both outer and inner beauty and used to engage in the remembrance of Allah and worship frequently. She passed away in RabīꜤ al-Awwal 50 AH and was laid to rest in Jannat al-Baqi.[1]
2. The grandson of the Holy Prophet صَلَّى الـلّٰـهُ عَلَيْهِ وَاٰلِهٖ وَسَلَّم and the son of Sayyidatunā Fāṭimah al-Zahrāˈ, Sayyidunā Imam Abū Muhammad Ḥassan al-Mujtabā رَضِىَ اللّٰهُ عَـنْهُ, passed away on 5 RabīꜤ al-Awwal 49 AH.
3. The leader of the Saints and the teacher of the scholars, Sayyid Muḥy al-Dīn Abū Naṣr Muhammad al-Jīlānī رَحْمَةُ الـلّٰـهِ عَـلَيْه, was born in Baghdad and passed away on 22 RabīꜤ al-Awwal 656 AH. His shrine is located in Baghdad. He is the 20th Shaykh of the Qādiriyyah Razawiyyah ꜤAṭṭāriyyah spiritual order.[2]
4. Shams Marahra, Ghawth al-Zamān, Sayyid Shāh Abū al-Faḍl Āl-e-Aḥmad Achhe Miyan Marahrawi al-Qādirī رَحْمَةُ الـلّٰـهِ عَـلَيْه, was born in 1160 AH in Marahra Mutahhara (District Etawah), India. He passed away here on 17 RabīꜤ al-Awwal 1235 AH. He was a great religious scholar, preacher, author, and Shaykh of the spiritual path. Books such as Ādāb al-Sālikīn and Aayeen-e-Ahmadi are his legacy. He is the 36th Shaykh of the Qādiriyyah Razawiyyah ꜤAṭṭāriyyah spiritual order.[3]
5. The highly respected Imam of Mālikī Fiqh, Imam Mālik b. Anas رَحْمَةُ الـلّٰـهِ عَـلَيْه, was born in 93 AH in al-Madinah al-Munawwarah, and passed away on 14 RabīꜤ al-Awwal 179 AH. His grave is in Jannat al-BaqīꜤ. His book, *Muwatta Imam Malik*, is one of the oldest, most accepted and most famous collections of Hadith.[4]
6. The great leader of Hanbali Fiqh, Imam Aḥmad b. Ḥanbal رَحْمَةُ الـلّٰـهِ عَـلَيْه, was born in 164 AH in Baghdad and passed away on 12 RabīꜤ al-Awwal 241 AH. He was first laid to rest at Bāb Ḥarb on the western side of Baghdad; however, due to the flooding of the River Tigris, he was moved to Sajd Arif Agha, Haider Khana (ShāriꜤ al-Rashīd, Baghdad). He was a Mujtahid, a Hafiz of Hadith, a great scholar, an influential personality of the Ummah, and one of the four Imams. He is famously known for his book, Musnad Imam Aḥmad bin Ḥanbal, which contains forty thousand (40,000) Hadith.[5]
7. The great thinker of Islam, ꜤAllāmah Sayyid Muhammad Sulaimān Ashraf Bihārī رَحْمَةُ الـلّٰـهِ عَـلَيْه, was born in 1295 AH in Mir Dad, District Patna, Bihar, India, and passed away on 5 RabīꜤ al-Awwal 1358 AH. He was laid to rest in the Sherwani cemetery inside Aligarh Muslim University. Several of his books, such as Al-Nūr and Al-Rashād, are well-known.[6]
Battle of Yamama:
During the Caliphate of Sayyidunā Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq رَضِىَ اللّٰهُ عَـنْهُ, a battle took place in RabīꜤ al-Awwal 12 AH against Musaylimah al-Kadhhāb, who falsely claimed to be a prophet. In this battle, 1,200 Companions were martyred, and Allah Almighty granted the Muslims a great victory.
For more information about the Battle of Yamama, please read *Faizan-e-Siddiq-e-Akbar*, pages 381 to 390.
Pious predecessors who passed away / whose Ꜥurs is in RabīꜤ al-Thānī
RabīꜤ al-Thānī is the fourth month of the Islamic year. The following personalities among the Companions, Islamic scholars, and great Saints passed away during this month:
1. Mother of the Believers, Sayyidatunā Zainab bint Khuzaymah al-Hilāliyah رَضِیَ اللهُ عَنْهَا was very generous, kind, and sympathetic towards the poor and needy, and she used to feed them. For this reason, she was called Umm al-Masākīn (Mother of the Poor). She passed away in RabīꜤ al-Thānī 4 AH in al-Madinah al-Munawwarah and was laid to rest in Jannat al-BaqīꜤ.[7]
2. The seal of the jurists, ꜤAllāmah Sayyid Muhammad Amīn Ibn ꜤĀbidīn al-Shāmī al-Qādirī al-Naqshbandī رَحْمَةُ الـلّٰـهِ عَـلَيْه, was born in 1198 AH in Damascus, Syria. He was a Hafiz of the Quran, an expert in the sciences of Fiqh and Hadith, a reference for scholars, Imam of his time, an author, the Qutb of Syria, and a great Hanafi jurist. He passed away on 21 RabīꜤ al-Thānī 1252 AH. His blessed shrine is in the Bāb al-Saghīr cemetery, Damascus (Syria). He gained worldwide fame because of his book Fatāwā Shāmī.[8]
3. Al-Shaykh al-Akbar, Shaykh Muḥy al-Dīn Muhammad Ibn ꜤArabī al-Qādirī رَحْمَةُ الـلّٰـهِ عَـلَيْه was born in 560 AH in Murcia (Andalusia). He passed away on 2 RabīꜤ al-Thānī 638 AH. His blessed shrine is at Jabal Qāsiyūn, Damascus, Syria. He combined Shariah and Ṭarīqah, possessed spiritual secrets and gnosis, and was among the greatest Saints. His books, Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam and Futuḥāt al-Makkiyya, are renowned.[9]
4. The Shaykh of the time and a perfect Saint, Sayyid Muhammad Shāh Dūlhā Sabzwārī رَحْمَةُ الـلّٰـهِ عَـلَيْه, was born in the seventh century AH in Bukhara (Uzbekistan). He lived in Sabzwar (Herat province, Afghanistan) for some time and later made Karachi his home. He passed away on 17 RabīꜤ al-Thānī 701 AH. His blessed shrine in Kharadar (Old City), Karachi, is a place for the acceptance of prayers.[10]
5. Beloved to Allah and the leader of the Shaykhs, Khwaja Niẓām al-Dīn Awliyā Sayyid Muhammad Bukhārī Chishtī رَحْمَةُ الـلّٰـهِ عَـلَيْه, was born in 634 AH in Badayun (U.P.), India. He passed away on 18 RabīꜤ al-Thānī 725 AH. His blessed shrine in Delhi is a place of visitation for people. He was a religious scholar, a perfect Saint, and a Shaykh of the spiritual path. From his written works, MajmūꜤa-e-Malfūẓāt and Fawāˈid al-Fawād, are particularly renowned.[11]
6. The leader of the Saints, ꜤAllāmah Sayyid Ibrāhīm Īrchī al-Ḥusainī رَحْمَةُ الـلّٰـهِ عَـلَيْه, was born in Irch (District Jalaun, Punjab), India. He was an expert in various sciences, had a broad vision, read extensively, loved collecting books, was a perfect Saint, and is the 26th Shaykh of the Qādiriyyah Razawiyyah ꜤAṭṭāriyyah spiritual order. He passed away on 5 RabīꜤ al-Thānī 953 AH and was laid to rest within the compound of the shrine Shaykh Niẓām al-Dīn Awliyā, in Delhi.[12]
7. Khwaja Muḥkam al-Dīn Sīrānī Uwaysī رَحْمَةُ الـلّٰـهِ عَـلَيْه was a Saint and a possessor of miracles. He was born in 1137 AH in Gogira (Okara), Punjab, and passed away on 5 RabīꜤ al-Thānī 1197 AH. His shrine at the Khanqah Sharif (near Samma Satta, District Bahawalpur), Pakistan, is a centre of spiritual blessings. Talqīn-e-Ladunnī was authored by him.[13]
8. Khwaja Ghulām Farīd Chishtī Niẓāmī رَحْمَةُ الـلّٰـهِ عَـلَيْه was a famous Sufi poet and the author of Dīwān-e-Farīd. He was born in 1261 AH in Chacharan Sharif (District Bahawalpur). He passed away on 6 RabīꜤ al-Thānī 1382 AH. His blessed shrine in Kot Mithan Sharif, District Rajanpur, Punjab, Pakistan, is a place visited by people from all walks of life.[14]
9. Al-Faqīh al-AꜤẓam Abū Yūsuf Muhammad Sharīf Muḥaddith Kotlawī رَحْمَةُ الـلّٰـهِ عَـلَيْه was born in 1277 AH in Kotli Loharan (Sialkot), Pakistan. He passed away on 6 RabīꜤ al-Thānī 1370 AH. His blessed shrine is located in Kotli Loharan, Nakhwal neighborhood (Sialkot), Pakistan, attached to the Jami Masjid Sharifi. He was a practicing scholar, a Shaykh of the spiritual path, a Mufti of Islam, a teacher of scholars, an eloquent preacher, a defender of Islam, the founder of the monthly magazine Al-Faqīh, a poet, a writer, and an author.[15]
Pious predecessors who passed away in Jumādā al-Ūlā
Jumādā al-Ūlā is the fifth month of the Islamic year. Brief mentions of 11 Companions, Islamic scholars, and great Saints who passed away during this month are given below:
1. Sayyidunā JaꜤfar b. Abī Ṭālib رَضِىَ اللّٰهُ عَـنْهُ was an early convert to Islam, a highly respected Companion, and a warrior. He first migrated to Abyssinia and then to al-Madinah al-Munawwarah. He attained the rank of martyrdom in the Battle of Mūtah in Jumādā al-Ūlā 8 AH.[16]
2. Sayyidatunā Asmāˈ bint Abī Bakr al-Ṣiddīq رَضِیَ اللهُ عَنْهَا passed away in Jumādā al-Ūlā 73 AH.
3. Sayyidunā ꜤAbdullāh b. Zubair رَضِىَ اللّٰهُ عَـنْهُ was martyred on 17 Jumādā al-Ūlā 73 AH.
4. Imam Abū Ḥafs Najm al-Dīn ꜤUmar b. Muhammad al-Nasafī رَحْمَةُ الـلّٰـهِ عَـلَيْه was an expert in Tafsir and a Hanafi jurist, a teacher of scholars, and a Mufti to both humans and jinn. His book Sharḥ ꜤAqāˈid al-Nasafiyyah is widely renowned. He was born in 461 AH in Nasaf (Qurashi), Uzbekistan, and passed away on 12 Jumādā al-Ūlā 537 AH. His shrine is in the city of Samarkand, Uzbekistan.[17]
5. Imam Jalāl al-Dīn ꜤAbd al-Raḥmān al-Suyūṭī al-ShāfiꜤī رَحْمَةُ الـلّٰـهِ عَـلَيْه was the author of many books, a great scholar, a major Muḥaddith, a lover of the Holy Prophet صَلَّى الـلّٰـهُ عَلَيْهِ وَاٰلِهٖ وَسَلَّم, and a true Sufi. He wrote more than 600 books, among which Tafsīr al-Durr al-Manthūr, Al-Budūr al-Sāfirah, and Sharḥ al-Ṣudūr are particularly well-known. He was born in 849 AH in the Suyut neighbourhood of Cairo, Egypt, and passed away there on 19 Jumādā al-Ūlā 911 AH. His shrine is a place visited by many people.[18]
6. Imam Abū al-Mawāhib ꜤAbd al-Wahhāb al-ShaꜤrānī al-ShāfiꜤī رَحْمَةُ الـلّٰـهِ عَـلَيْه was a Sufi, a great scholar, and an author. His famous works include Tanbīh al-Mughtarrīn, Anwār al-Qudsiyyah, and Ṭabaqāt al-ShaꜤrānī. He was born in 898 AH and passed away in Jumādā al-Ūlā 973 AH. His blessed shrine is in Bāb ShaꜤrā, Madinat al-BuꜤūth, Cairo, Egypt.[19]
7. Maulana ꜤAlā al-Dīn ꜤAlī Muttaqī al-Ḥanafī al-Hindī رَحْمَةُ الـلّٰـهِ عَـلَيْه was a great Muḥaddith, a religious scholar, a jurist, and a Shaykh of the Chishti, Qadiri, and Shadhili orders. His collection of Hadith, Kanz al-ꜤUmmāl, gained worldwide recognition. He was born in 888 AH in Burhanpur (MP), India. After completing his education, he settled in the holy land of Hijaz and passed away on 2 Jumādā al-Ūlā 975 AH in Makkah al-Mukarramah.[20]
8. Sayyid Abū al-ꜤAbbās Aḥmad al-Kabīr al-RifāꜤī al-ShāfiꜤī رَحْمَةُ الـلّٰـهِ عَـلَيْه was the leader of the Saints, a religious scholar, and the founder of the RifāꜤiyyah order. He was born in 512 AH and passed away on 22 Jumādā al-Ūlā 578 AH. His blessed shrine at Umm ꜤUbaydah near Dhi Qar, Iraq, is a hub of spiritual blessings.[21]
9. Khwaja Ghulām Ḥassan Sawāg رَحْمَةُ الـلّٰـهِ عَـلَيْه was a Shaykh of the Naqshbandiyyah Mujaddidiyyah order. He was born in 1267 AH and passed away on 13 Jumādā al-Ūlā 1358 AH. His blessed shrine is in Sawag Sharif, Karor Lal Esan, District Layyah.[22]
10. Maulana Waṣī Aḥmad Muḥaddith Sūrtī رَحْمَةُ الـلّٰـهِ عَـلَيْه was a teacher of scholars and Muhaddithin. He was a great Muhaddith, a practicing scholar, a Mufti of Islam, and the founder of Madrasah al-Hadith Pilibhit. He was affiliated with the Naqshbandiyyah Mujaddidiyyah order and is counted among the senior scholars. His famous works include JāmiꜤ al-Shawāhid, Ḥāshiyah Sharḥ MaꜤānī al-Āthār, and Hāshiyah Munyat al-Muṣallī (al-TaꜤlīq al-Mujallī). He was born in 1286 AH in Randhir, Surat, India, and passed away on 8 Jumādā al-Ūlā 1334 AH in Pilibhit (U.P., India). His blessed shrine is in the cemetery attached to the Belon wali Masjid.[23]
11. The son of Imam Aḥmad Razā Khan, Ḥujjat al-Islam Mufti Ḥāmid Razā Khān رَحْمَةُ الـلّٰـهِ عَـلَيْه was a religious scholar, full of inner and outer beauty, and the successor of his noble father. He was born in RabīꜤ al-Awwal 1292 AH in Bareilly and passed away on 17 Jumādā al-Ūlā 1362 AH. His blessed shrine is at Khanqah Razawiyyah, Bareilly, India. His work Fatāwā Ḥāmidiyyah is well-known.[24]
[1] Al-Isti'ab, vol. 4, pp. 366, 367; Sharh Zarqani, vol. 4, pp. 427, 428
[2] Qala'id al-Jawahir, p. 47; Sharh Shajra Qadiriyyah Razviyyah Attariyyah, p. 92
[3] Ahwal-o-Aasar-e-Shah Aal-e-Ahmed Achhe Miyan Marahrawi, p. 26
[4] Tadhkirat al-Huffaz, Juzz .1, vol. 1, p. 157; Siyar A'lam al-Nubala, vol. 7, p. 435
[5] Al-Bidayah wan-Nihayah, vol. 7, p. 339
[6] Tadhkirah Khulafa-e-Ala Hazrat, p. 144; Sayyidi Ziauddin Ahmad al-Qadiri, vol. 2, pp. 266-268
[7] Sharh Zarqani, vol 4, p. 416
[8] Jadal al-Mumtar ala Radd al-Muhtar, vol 1, pp. 196-205
[9] Urdu Dairah Ma'arif Islamia, vol 1, p. 605; Mir'at al-Asrar, p. 624
[10] Tadhkirah Bukhari Shah, pp. 19 to 22
[11] Mir'at al-Asrar, p. 776
[12] Tadhkirah Ulama-e-Hind, p. 83; Sharh Shajra Qadiriyyah Razviyyah Attariyyah, p. 97
[13] Tadhkirah Awliya-e-Pakistan, vol 2, p. 408
[14] Tadhkirah Awliya-e-Pakistan, vol 2, pp. 371 to 378
[15] Tadhkirah Faqih-e-Azam, pp. 97-100
[16] Seerat Sayyid al-Anbiya, p. 433
[17] Sharh Aqaid Nasafiyyah, pp. 11-15
[18] Al-Noor as-Safir, vol. 1, pp. 90-93
[19] Mu'jam al-Mu'allifeen, p. 2339
[20] Al-A'lam liz-Zirikli, vol. 4, p. 309; Hadaiq al-Hanafiyyah, p. 405
[21] Faizan-e-Sayyid Ahmad Kabir Rifa'i, pp. 2, 32; Al-Wafi bil-Wafayat, vol. 7, pp. 143-144
[22] Fuyuzat-e-Hasniyah, pp. 86, 103
[23] Tadhkirah Muhaddith Surti, pp. 44-65-111-177-180
[24] Fatawa Hamidiyyah, pp. 48, 79
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