Surah An Nisa Ayat 92 Translation Tafseer

Para 5 - وَ الْمُحْصَنٰتُ

سورة النساء

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بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِیْمِ

4.92

وَ مَا كَانَ لِمُؤْمِنٍ اَنْ یَّقْتُلَ مُؤْمِنًا اِلَّا خَطَــٴًـاۚ-وَ مَنْ قَتَلَ مُؤْمِنًا خَطَــٴًـا فَتَحْرِیْرُ رَقَبَةٍ مُّؤْمِنَةٍ وَّ دِیَةٌ مُّسَلَّمَةٌ اِلٰۤى اَهْلِهٖۤ اِلَّاۤ اَنْ یَّصَّدَّقُوْاؕ-فَاِنْ كَانَ مِنْ قَوْمٍ عَدُوٍّ لَّكُمْ وَ هُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ فَتَحْرِیْرُ رَقَبَةٍ مُّؤْمِنَةٍؕ-وَ اِنْ كَانَ مِنْ قَوْمٍۭ بَیْنَكُمْ وَ بَیْنَهُمْ مِّیْثَاقٌ فَدِیَةٌ مُّسَلَّمَةٌ اِلٰۤى اَهْلِهٖ وَ تَحْرِیْرُ رَقَبَةٍ مُّؤْمِنَةٍۚ-فَمَنْ لَّمْ یَجِدْ فَصِیَامُ شَهْرَیْنِ مُتَتَابِعَیْنِ٘-تَوْبَةً مِّنَ اللّٰهِؕ-وَ كَانَ اللّٰهُ عَلِیْمًا حَكِیْمًا(92)

Kanz-ul-Irfan

It is not permissible for a Muslim that he kills another Muslim except that it occurs by mistake.[1] And whosoever kills a believer unintentionally, then freeing a Muslim slave and paying the blood money, which is handed over to his (the victim’s) family, is necessary[2] except if they forgive.[3] So if he belonged to your enemy tribe and he was a Muslim, only freeing a Muslim slave is necessary;[4] and if he was from a tribe with whom you have an agreement, then compensation must be given to his family and a Muslim slave should be freed. So, whosoever does not find ˹a slave˺, then fasting for two months consecutively ˹is necessary˺. This is repentance in the court of Allah—and Allah is All-Knowing, Most Wise.

Commentary

[1]

This verse mentions the different scenarios and rulings related to unintentionally killing an individual.

[2]

Blood money (diyah) linguistically refers to the wealth given to the inheritors of the killed individual for his life, and the applied meaning is the wealth given as compensation for the killing or severing a limb of a Muslim or a protected disbeliever; blood money is divided among the heirs as inheritance.

[3]

The relatives of the killed individual can forgive the blood money as it is their right. However, expiation (kaffārah) cannot be forgiven as this is the right of Allah Almighty.

[4]

If a Muslim has relatives who are ḥarbī disbelievers and he is unintentionally killed, then only expiation is necessary, as blood money is given to the heirs as inheritance, and a disbelieving relative is not given the inheritance of a Muslim.

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