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Before the advent of Islam, there was a fully established tradition of drinking alcohol; it was not considered as an evil in social as well as religious perspective. Therefore, many people were habitual of drinking alcohol. Islam unfolded its harms in steps and finally ordered its abandonment.
On pages 545-547 of the book ‘Jaĥannam mayn lay jānay wālay A’māl’, volume 2 [the 1012-page publication of Maktaba-tul-Madīnaĥ, the publishing department of Dawat-e-Islami], it is mentioned: Islamic scholars have stated that there are four verses regarding the prohibition of alcohol. In the first verse, it is ordained that:
وَ مِنۡ ثَمَـرٰتِ النَّخِیۡلِ وَ الۡاَعۡنَابِ تَتَّخِذُوۡنَ مِنۡہُ سَکَرًا وَّ رِزۡقًا حَسَنًا ؕ اِنَّ فِیۡ ذٰلِکَ لَاٰ یَۃً لِّقَوۡ مٍ یَّعۡقِلُوۡنَ ﴿۶۷﴾
And from the fruits of date and grapes, for you make juices and good nourishment from them; indeed in this is a sign for people of intellect.
[Kanz-ul-Īmān (Translation of Quran)] (Part 14, Sūraĥ Al-Naḥl, Verse 67)
Muslims continued drinking alcohol because it was still permissible. Companions like Sayyidunā ‘Umar Fārūq and Sayyidunā Mu’āż رَضِىَ الـلّٰـهُ تَـعَالٰی عَـنْهُمَا requested in the court of the Noble Prophet صَلَّى اللهُ تَعَالٰى عَلَيْهِ وَاٰلِهٖ وَسَلَّم to pass a verdict regarding alcohol because it impairs the intellect and wastes money. In consequence, Allah عَزَّوَجَلَّ imposed the following commandment:
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