The Siyam of the blessed month of Ramadan are Fard on every sane and pubescent person. Missing Sawm without any Shar’i reason is an act of sin.  Missing Siyam due to exams or summer season are not valid reasons acceptable to Shari’ah. So, the pubescent students missing Sawm on the basis of aforementioned reasons will definitely be sinners, their parents, if make them miss Sawm without any Shar’i reason, or in spite of being able, do not inquire about their missing Sawm, they too will be sinners as well.

In case the student is a (Shar’i) minor although Siyam are not Fard on him and he is not a sinner in case he misses Sawm without any reason, but when a child is 7 years old, and can observe Sawm, then it becomes necessary upon the parents to order him to observe Sawm. Parents may forbid their (Shar’i) minor children of 7 years or above to observe Sawm only in the condition when it is likely to cause any harm to them otherwise if they make them miss Sawm without any Shar’i reason or remain silent on his missing Sawm, they will be sinners due to missing Wajib.

وَاللہُ اَعْلَمُ عَزَّوَجَلَّ وَ رَسُوْلُہُ اَعْلَم صَلَّی اللّٰہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَاٰلِہٖ وَسَلَّم

(Mahnamah, Faizan-e-Madinah, May 2017, pp. 54)

صَلُّوۡا عَلَى الۡحَبِيۡب              صَلَّى اللّٰهُ تَعَالٰى عَلٰى مُحَمَّد

Dear Islamic brothers! The blessed month of Ramadan is such a great month that in this sacred month the Glorious Quran was revealed and the Beloved Rasool صَلَّى اللهُ تَعَالٰى عَلَيْهِ وَاٰلِهٖ وَسَلَّم used to revise the Glorious Quran with the Sayyiduna Jibra`eel عَـلَيْـهِ الـسَّـلَام on every blessed night of this sacred month. So, the fortunate Muslims, following the blessed Sunnah and attaining the blessings of Glorious Quran, engage themselves in recitation of Holy Quran abundantly in this blessed month. It is narrated that Allah عَزَّوَجَلَّ said to Sayyiduna Musa Kaleemullah (عَـلٰى نَبِيِّنَا وَعَـلَيْهِ الصَّلٰوةُ وَالسَّلَام), ‘I have bestowed two types of Noors upon the Ummah of Muhammad (صَلَّى اللهُ تَعَالٰى عَلَيْهِ وَاٰلِهٖ وَسَلَّم) in order to protect them from two types of darkness.’