Dar-ul-Ifta Ahl-e-Sunnat
Mufti Abu Muhammad Ali Asghar Attari Madani
Reality of Hamzaad
Question 1: What do the scholars of Islam say regarding the following issue: What is the reality of Hamzaad in light of Shari’ah? Who are the Hamzaad?
بِسْمِ اللّٰہِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِیْمِ
اَلْجَوَابُ بِعَوْنِ الْمَلِکِ الْوَھَّابِ اَللّٰھُمَّ ھِدَایَۃَ الْحَقِّ وَالصَّوَابِ
Answer: Hamzaad is a type of Shaytan. Whenever a human has a child, one Jinn and one angel is also born alongside it. That Jinn is referred to as Waswaas in Arabic and Hamzaad in Persian. He incites a human towards evil. However, the Hamzaad of the Beloved Prophet صَلَّى الـلّٰـهُ عَلَيْهِ وَاٰلِهٖ وَسَلَّم became a Muslim and instead of evil things, he would mention good things. (Fatawa Razawiyyah, vol. 21, p. 216; Fatawa Bahr-ul-Uloom, vol. 5, p. 256)
وَاللہُ اَعْلَمُ عَزَّوَجَلَّ وَ رَسُوْلُہٗ اَعْلَم صلَّی اللہ علیہ واٰلہٖ وسلَّم
What should the driver do if a passenger forgets his belongings?
Question 2: What do the scholars of Islam say regarding the following issue: I am a taxi driver. Sometimes whilst getting out of the car, the passenger forgets to take his belongings. So, what is the Shar’i ruling for me in relation to these belongings?
بِسْمِ اللّٰہِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِیْمِ
اَلْجَوَابُ بِعَوْنِ الْمَلِکِ الْوَھَّابِ اَللّٰھُمَّ ھِدَایَۃَ الْحَقِّ وَالصَّوَابِ
Answer: The belongings of passengers that you find in your taxi fall under the ruling of Luqtah. The ruling of Luqtah is that a person has to try his best to publicise this situation in order to locate the actual owner. For instance, if information can be gained from where you picked up the passenger or dropped him off, then you should try and ascertain this from there. You should also wait for some period of time so that if the passenger is in search of the driver, he may find you. If the owner is found, the belongings should be handed over to him, you will be absolved of any responsibility. However, despite all of this, if the passenger still cannot be located, then you should keep the belongings with the purpose of protecting them. When all the hope is lost in finding him, then give the belongings as Sadaqah on his behalf to any Shar’i Faqeer or Miskeen [i.e. destitute]. Likewise, if you are a Shar’i Faqeer, then after announcing it for the aforementioned duration, you may bring them into use yourself. In the case of giving the belongings as Sadaqah, although you will be absolved of responsibility, but if the actual owner is found at a later date and is not pleased with you for giving his belongings as Sadaqah, then you will have to give the price of those belongings to the owner from your own wealth. (Fatawa Hindiyyah, vol. 2, p. 289; Fatawa Razawiyyah, vol. 25, p. 55; Bahar-e-Shari’at, vol. 2, pp. 475-476, selected)
وَاللہُ اَعْلَمُ عَزَّوَجَلَّ وَ رَسُوْلُہٗ اَعْلَم صلَّی اللہ علیہ واٰلہٖ وسلَّم
Is it necessary to celebrate the Walimah on a large scale?
Question 3: What do the scholars of Islam say regarding the following issue: If someone is not capable of holding a Walimah ceremony on a large scale, and instead, after the night of consummating the marriage, he has some food cooked and invites some members of his in laws for a Walimah meal, will his Walimah be classed as valid? Please provide guidance.
Answer: In the aforementioned scenario, the Walimah will be considered as valid, because Walimah does not require extravagant arrangements to be made. However, it is better for the husband to make arrangements for the Walimah ceremony in accordance to his ability.
It is mentioned in a Hadees of Sahih Bukhari: The Beloved Prophet صَلَّى الـلّٰـهُ عَلَيْهِ وَاٰلِهٖ وَسَلَّم said: ‘Perform Walimah, even if it may be with a goat.’ (Bukhari, vol. 2, p. 777, summarised)
‘Allamah Ibn-e-Hajar ‘Asqalani رَحْمَةُ الـلّٰـهِ عَلَيْه states under this blessed Hadees: ‘Qadi ‘Iyaad رَحْمَةُ الـلّٰـهِ عَلَيْه has said that the Scholars are unanimous that there is no limit to the extent of the Walimah (arrangements). Likewise, there is no affixed minimum level of the Walimah either. In fact, whatever is available will suffice. However, it is Mustahab for the husband to hold the Walimah ceremony according to his ability.’ (Fath-ul-Baari, vol. 9, p. 293)
It is mentioned in Mirat-ul-Manajih: ‘We learn from this Hadees that holding a Walimah is Sunnah and it should be in accordance to the ability of the husband. There is no stipulated amount for this.’ (Mirat-ul-Manajih, vol. 5, p. 72, summarised)
It is stated in Fatawa Amjadiyyah: ‘It is not necessary to make extravagant arrangements in order to fulfil the Sunnah of holding a Walimah. If two or four individuals are fed something small, even if it does not satiate them, be it lentils and chapatti or chutney and chapatti or even less than this, the Sunnah will be fulfilled. And if he is completely incapable of arranging anything, he will not be guilty at all.’ (Fatawa Amjadiyyah, vol. 4, pp. 224-225, summarised)
وَاللہُ اَعْلَمُ عَزَّوَجَلَّ وَ رَسُوْلُہٗ اَعْلَم صلَّی اللہ علیہ واٰلہٖ وسلَّم
What is the ruling on removing a green plant that grows on a grave?
Question 4: What do the scholars of Islam say regarding the following issue: If a green plant grows on a grave, what is the ruling on removing it? Please guide us.
بِسْمِ اللّٰہِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِیْمِ
اَلْجَوَابُ بِعَوْنِ الْمَلِکِ الْوَھَّابِ اَللّٰھُمَّ ھِدَایَۃَ الْحَقِّ وَالصَّوَابِ
Answer: It is forbidden to remove the fresh plants that grow on a grave because as long as the plant remains fresh, it glorifies Allah Almighty which in turn benefits the deceased and due to its glorifying (Allah Almighty), mercy descends. Therefore, by removing it, the right of the deceased is violated. (Rad-ul-Mukhtar, vol. 3, p. 184, summarised; Bahar-e-Shari’at, vol. 1, p. 852)
وَاللہُ اَعْلَمُ عَزَّوَجَلَّ وَ رَسُوْلُہٗ اَعْلَم صلَّی اللہ علیہ واٰلہٖ وسلَّم
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